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How to use this Website?

This website is for medical and paramedical professionals working in the field of spinal cord injuries. It contains learning modules for the whole team as well as for doctors, nurses, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, assistive technologists, social workers, psychologists and peer counsellors. The modules are intended for medical and paramedical students and junior clinicians. Others who have yet not assimilated sufficient knowledge on comprehensive management.

Nutritional management

  1. Bauman WA, Emmons RR, Cirnigliaro CM, Kirshblum SC, Spungen AM. An effective oral vitamin D replacement therapy in persons with spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med 2011; 34: 455-460.
  2. Bauman WA, Kahn NN, Grimm DR, Spungen AM. Risk factors for atherogenesis and cardiovascular autonomic function in persons with spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 1999; 37: 601-616.
  3. Bauman WA, Spungen AM. Metabolic changes in persons after spinal cord injury. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2000; 11: 109-140.
  4. Bozzetti F, Forbes A. The ESPEN clinical practice Guidelines on Parenteral Nutrition: present status and perspectives for future research. Clin Nutr 2009; 28: 359-364.
  5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. About BMI for adults. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/assessing/bmi/adult_bmi/index.html. Accessed March 17, 2013.
  6. Cortis JD. Nutrition and the hospitalized patient: implications for nurses. Br J Nurs 1997; 6: 666-667, 670-674.
  7. Cox SA, Weiss SM, Posuniak EA, Worthington P, Prioleau M, Heffley G. Energy expenditure after spinal cord injury: an evaluation of stable rehabilitating patients. J Trauma 1985; 25: 419-423.
  8. Consortium for Spinal Cord Medicine. Pressure ulcer prevention and treatment following SCI, 2000.
  9. Frankenfield D. Energy expenditure and protein requirements after traumatic injury. Nutr Clin Pract 2006; 21: 430-437.
  10. Galanos AN, Pieper CF, Kussin PS, Winchell MT, Fulkerson WJ, Harrell FE, Jr. et al. Relationship of body mass index to subsequent mortality among seriously ill hospitalized patients. SUPPORT Investigators. The Study to Understand Prognoses and Preferences for Outcome and Risks of Treatments. Crit Care Med 1997; 25: 1962-1968.
  11. Gater DR, Jr. Obesity after spinal cord injury. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am; 18: 333-351, vii-333-351.
  12. Groah SL, Nash MS, Ljungberg IH, Libin A, Hamm LF, Ward E et al. Nutrient intake and body habitus after spinal cord injury: an analysis by sex and level of injury. J Spinal Cord Med 2009; 32: 25-33.
  13. Howard P, Jonkers-Schuitema C, Furniss L, Kyle U, Muehlebach S, Odlund-Olin A et al. Managing the patient journey through enteral nutritional care. Clin Nutr 2006; 25: 187-195.
  14. Kondrup J, Allison SP, Elia M, Vellas B, Plauth M. ESPEN guidelines for nutrition screening 2002. Clin Nutr 2003; 22: 415-421.
  15. Krause JS, McArdle JJ, Pickelsimer E, Reed KS. A latent variable structural path model of health behaviors after spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med 2009; 32: 162-174.
  16. Liusuwan RA, Widman LM, Abresch RT, Johnson AJ, McDonald CM. Behavioral intervention, exercise, and nutrition education to improve health and fitness (BENEfit) in adolescents with mobility impairment due to spinal cord dysfunction. J Spinal Cord Med 2007; 30: S119-126.
  17. Nelson MD, Widman LM, Abresch RT, Stanhope K, Havel PJ, Styne DM et al. Metabolic syndrome in adolescents with spinal cord dysfunction. J Spinal Cord Med 2007; 30: S127-139.
  18. "WHO | Diet". WHO. [Internet] Available from  http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/diet/en/index.html. Accessed March 17, 2013.
  19. Wong SS, Graham A, Forbes A. Grimble G.  Weight management of a patient with fourth cervical and fifth cervical vertebrae spinal cord injury. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 2009; 68; E95.
  20. Wong et al Degree of malnutrition varies in SCI patients – result from a multicentre study. Clin Nutr Supp 2010; 5: 63.